Category Archives for Heat Exchangers
Introduction to TEMA Class C Heat Exchangers
Heat exchangers are devices that transfer heat between two or more fluids, such as liquids, gases, or vapors, at different temperatures. They are widely used in various industries, such as power generation, chemical processing, refrigeration, air conditioning, and more. There … Continue reading
Heat Exchanger Types
The figure above shows different arrangements of the shells, tubes and baffles in heat exchangers according to TEMA standard classifications. The first letter of the standards designates the heat exchanger front end while the second letter designates the shell type … Continue reading
Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Selections
There are three basic types of shell-and-tube heat exchangers: fixed tube sheet, floating head, and U-tube. The list below summarizes the comparison between these three exchangers. Fixed Tube Heat Exchanger Advantages 1. Low cost 2. Fewer gaskets. 3. Individual tubes … Continue reading
TEMA Glasses and Tube Materials
TEMA standards provide for two classes of shell and tube exchanger qualities. Class C is the less stringent and is typically used in onshore applications and where the temperature is above ~20°F. Class R is normally used offshore and in … Continue reading
Heat Exchanger Placement of Fluid
The question always comes up of which fluid to put in the tubes and which fluid to put in the shell. Consider placing a fluid through the tubes when: 1. Special alloy materials are required for corrosion control and high … Continue reading
Heat Exchangers Classification
In addition to the type description code there is also a shorthand that is used for classifying heat exchangers. The first element of the shorthand is the nominal diameter, which is the inside diameter of the shell in inches, rounded … Continue reading
Heat Exchanger Tube Pitch
Tube holes cannot be drilled very close together, since this may structually weaken the tube sheet. The shortest distance between two adjacent tube holes is called the “clearance.” Tubes are laid out in either square or triangular patterns as shown … Continue reading
Heat Exchanger Tubes
Heat-exchanger tubes should not be confused with steel pipe or other types of pipe that are extruded to steel pipe sizes. The outside diameter of heat-exchanger tubes is the actual outside diameter in inches within a very strict tolerance. Heat-exchanger … Continue reading
Heat Exchanger Baffles
Shell-and-tube exchangers contain several types of baffles to help direct the flow of both tube-side and shell-side fluids. Pass partition baffles force the fluid to flow through several groups of parallel tubes. Each of these groups of tubes is called … Continue reading
Shell and Tube Exchangers
Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are cylindrical in shape, consisting of a bundle of parallel tubes surrounded by an outer casing (shell). Both the tube bundle and the shell are designed as pressure containing elements in accordance with the pressure and temperature … Continue reading